Kev cuam tshuam tam sim ntawm Online Kev Kho Mob Rau Corrosion Resistance Ntawm Stainless Hlau Yeeb Nkab

Cov kav hlau tsis muaj steel nyob txhua qhov chaw - nqa dej hauv tsev, thauj cov tshuaj hauv cov chaw tsim khoom, thiab tuav cov roj hauv cov chaw ua dej. Lawv qhov muag loj tshaj plaws? Corrosion kuj. Tab sis ntawm no yog qhov ntes: tom qab cov kav hlau tsis muaj steel yog tsim (xws li los ntawm vuam lossis txias dov), lawv cov corrosion kuj tuaj yeem poob ib ntus. Vim li cas? Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tuaj yeem tsim cov teeb meem me me-zoo li carbides tsim ntawm cov ciam teb lossis cov txheej oxide puas lawm- uas ua rau cov hlau tsis muaj zog rau xeb.

Qhov ntawd yog qhov kev kho mob hauv online tuaj txog. Tsis zoo li kev kho "offline" ib txwm muaj (qhov twg cov kav dej ua ntej, tom qab ntawd rhaub tom qab), kev kho hauv online sib xyaw ua kom sov txoj cai rau hauv cov yeeb nkab ntau lawm kab. Nws heats cov yeeb nkab mus rau qhov kub siab (feem ntau yog 1050-1150 degree) thiab ua kom txias sai sai-tag nrho thaum cov yeeb nkab tseem txav los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. Qhov tshwm sim? Kev txhim kho tam sim ntawm kev tiv thaiv corrosion, yog li cov yeeb nkab tau npaj los daws qhov hnyav ib puag ncig sai li sai tau. Peb tab tom rhuav tshem cov txheej txheem no ua haujlwm li cas, qhov hloov pauv tam sim ntawd ua rau cov kav hlau tsis muaj steel, thiab vim li cas nws thiaj dhau los ua -rau cov tuam txhab uas xav tau cov kav ntev, corrosion-cov kav dej nrawm.

Kev Kho Mob Online yog dab tsi, thiab Nws Ua Haujlwm Li Cas rau Cov Yeeb Nkab Stainless Hlau?

Ua ntej, cia peb ua kom yooj yim: kev daws teeb meem yog qhov cua sov-raws li "rov pib dua khawm" rau stainless hlau. Stainless hlau (xws li 304 lossis 316) tau txais nws cov corrosion kuj los ntawm chromium, uas ua rau nyias, tiv thaiv oxide txheej ntawm qhov chaw. Tab sis cov txheej txheem tsim khoom-tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vuam lossis txias dov- tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem no lossis tsim teeb meem hauv qab ntawm qhov chaw.

Kev daws teeb meem online kho cov teeb meem hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag, tom qab tsim cov yeeb nkab. Ntawm no yog cov kauj ruam-los ntawm- cov txheej txheem kauj ruam (kev koom ua ke rau hauv cov kab hlau tsis muaj steel hlau ntau lawm):​

Kev Tsim: Cov hlau tsis muaj steel yog khoov rau hauv cov yeeb nkab zoo thiab welded (rau cov kav dej welded) los yog extruded (rau seamless kav).

Cov Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob: Cov yeeb nkab kub (tseem sov los ntawm vuam / extrusion) yog muab tso rau hauv lub cub tawg tas mus li- feem ntau yog lub tshuab cua sov induction, uas ua kom nws sib npaug mus rau 1050-1150℃. Qhov kub no yog siab txaus kom yaj cov pliaj carbides (xws li chromium carbides) uas tsim thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom.

Kev txias txias: Txoj cai tom qab cua sov, cov yeeb nkab yog txau nrog dej los yog txias nrog cov dav hlau cua kom quench nws ceev (txias tus nqi ntawm ~ 100℃/ thib ob). Qhov no "freezes" steel lub microstructure, tiv thaiv carbides los ntawm kev hloov kho thaum nws txias.

Kev Ua tiav: Cov yeeb nkab txias yog txiav kom ntev, thiab nws qhov chaw raug ntxuav -tam sim no npaj siv.​

Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm "online" vs "offline" yog qhov ceev: tsis tas yuav khaws cov kav dej, thauj lawv mus rau qhov chaw kho cua sov cais, lossis tos cov khoom ua haujlwm. Cov yeeb nkab tau txais nws cov corrosion kuj boost tam sim ntawd, txiav lub sij hawm ntau lawm los ntawm 20-30%.

Qhov cuam tshuam tam sim ntawm Corrosion Resistance: 3 Qhov Tseem Ceeb Hloov

Kev kho cov tshuaj hauv online tsis yog "txhim kho" kev tiv thaiv corrosion- nws ua qhov tshwj xeeb, ntsuas tau hloov pauv rau cov yeeb nkab stainless hlau tam sim ntawd. Cia peb saib peb qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cuam tshuam tam sim no:

1. Dissolves Grain Boundary Carbides (Tsis muaj "Sensitization" ntxiv).

Ib qho kev hem thawj loj tshaj plaws rau cov hlau tsis muaj corrosion kuj yog "sensitization" -thaum chromium carbides (Cr₂₃C₆) tsim raws cov hlau cov qoob loo ciam teb thaum tsim khoom. Cov carbides nqus chromium los ntawm thaj chaw ib puag ncig, tsim "chromium- thaj chaw depleted" (chaw uas muaj tsawg dua 12% chromium). Yog tsis muaj chromium txaus, txheej oxide tsis tuaj yeem tsim, thiab cov yeeb nkab xeb yooj yim -tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig nrog ntsev lossis tshuaj.​

Kev daws teeb meem online kho qhov no tam sim ntawd:

Qhov kub siab (1050-1150 degree) yaj cov carbides rov qab mus rau hauv cov hlau, rov faib chromium sib npaug.

Kev nrawm nrawm nres cov carbides los ntawm kev hloov kho raws li cov yeeb nkab txias.

Cov ntaub ntawv xeem: Ib qho kev kuaj sim piv rau welded 304 stainless hlau yeeb nkab (tsis muaj kev kho mob hauv online) thiab ib qho nrog kev kho hauv online. Cov yeeb nkab tsis kho tau pom chromium- thaj chaw depleted (nyob rau hauv lub tshuab ntsuas) thiab pib xeb tom qab 48 teev nyob rau hauv 5% tshuaj tsuag dej ntsev. Cov yeeb nkab kho? Tsis muaj chromium- thaj chaw depleted, thiab tsis muaj xeb txawm tias tom qab 100 teev hauv tib qhov kev sim. Qhov ntawd yog qhov sib txawv tam sim no-sensitization ploj mus, thiab cov yeeb nkab yog corrosion{10}}resistant tam sim ntawd.

2. Kho thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv Oxide

Cov oxide txheej (tseem hu ua "passive txheej") ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj steel tsuas yog 2-3 nm tuab -thinner dua li xab npum npuas-tab sis nws yog thawj kab ntawm kev tiv thaiv corrosion. Kev tsim cov kauj ruam xws li vuam lossis txiav tuaj yeem khawb, hlawv, lossis nyias txheej no, tawm hauv cov yeeb nkab tsis zoo.

Kev daws teeb meem online kho cov txheej txheem tam sim no:

Qhov kub siab oxidizes cov hlau nto me ntsis, tsim ib txheej tshiab, zoo li oxide txheej

Txij li thaum chromium sib npaug sib npaug (ua tsaug rau carbide dissolution), txheej tshiab yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv chromium- ua rau nws ruaj khov thiab tiv taus kev puas tsuaj.

Tiag -Kev Piv Txwv Ntiaj Teb: Ib lub chaw tsim khoom noj khoom haus- qib 316 stainless hlau kav (siv los thauj cov mis nyuj thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo) tau hloov mus rau kev kho mob hauv online. Ua ntej, lawv cov kav dej yuav tsum tau siv tshuaj lom neeg (kho nrog nitric acid) tom qab tsim khoom los kho cov txheej txheem oxide- ntxiv cov kauj ruam ntxiv thiab nqi. Nrog rau kev kho mob hauv online, cov txheej txheem oxide twb muaj zog txaus: cov kev ntsuam xyuas pom tias cov kav dej kho tau muaj oxide txheej 30% tuab dua li cov uas tsis tau kho, thiab lawv dhau cov khoom noj khoom haus kev ruaj ntseg corrosion tsis muaj ntxiv passivation. Qhov no txiav lub sij hawm tsim los ntawm 15% thiab txuag tau $ 5.000 ib hlis hauv cov nqi tshuaj

3. Txo kev ntxhov siab sab hauv (tseem pheej hmoo ntawm kev ntxhov siab Corrosion Cracking).

Txias dov los yog vuam stainless hlau kav tsim "sab hauv kev nyuaj siab"- me me tensions nyob rau hauv lub steel qauv. Sij hawm dhau mus, qhov kev ntxhov siab no tuaj yeem ua rau "kev ntxhov siab corrosion cracking" (SCC): thaum cov yeeb nkab tsim cov kab nrib pleb me me hauv qhov chaw corrosive (xws li dej ntsev lossis kua qaub).

Kev kho mob hauv online daws qhov kev ntxhov siab tam sim ntawd:

Cua sov cov yeeb nkab rau qhov kub thiab txias relaxes cov hlau lub microstructure, tso cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv

Kev ntsuas cua txias nrawm hauv qhov kev ntxhov siab no -lub xeev dawb.

Cov txiaj ntsig kev xeem: Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom hauv hiav txwv tau sim ob pawg ntawm 316L stainless hlau kav (siv rau cov roj av sab nrauv): ib qho nrog kev kho hauv online, ib qho tsis muaj. Ob qhov teeb tsa tau raug dej ntsev thiab kev ntxhov siab cyclic (mimicking dej hiav txwv nthwv dej). Cov kav dej tsis kho tau pib tsim SCC tawg tom qab 200 teev. Cov kav dej kho tau? Tsis muaj qhov tawg txawm tias tom qab 500 teev. Qhov kev ntxhov siab tam sim ntawd los ntawm kev kho mob hauv online ua rau lawv tiv taus ntau dua rau hom kev tiv thaiv corrosion

Yuav Ua Li Cas Kev Kho Mob Online Sib piv rau Kev Kho Mob Offline (Tam sim ntawd vs. Cov txiaj ntsig qeeb)

Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias: yog tias kev kho mob offline kuj ua haujlwm, vim li cas thiaj xaiv online? Cov lus teb yog nyob rau hauv "tam sim no" ntawm cov txiaj ntsig. Cia peb sib piv:

Yam	Online Solution Treatment	Offline Solution Treatment
Lub sijhawm ntawm Corrosion Resistance	Tam sim ntawd- yeeb nkab yog corrosion- tiv taus txoj cai tom qab ntau lawm	Kev ncua ntev - yeeb nkab yog qhov yooj yim mus txog thaum nws thauj mus rau qhov chaw kho cua sov (1-2 lub lis piam).
Risk ntawm xeb thaum khaws cia	Tsawg-tsis muaj sij hawm rau xeb ua ntej kho.	Siab - cov kav dej tsis kho tuaj yeem xeb hauv qhov chaw cia yog tias raug dej
Ntau lawm ceev	Fast- koom ua ke rau hauv kab, tsis muaj cov kauj ruam ntxiv	Slow- ntxiv 1–2 lub lis piam ua haujlwm
Nqi	qis dua -tsis muaj nqi tsheb thauj mus los lossis chaw ntxiv.	Siab dua -yuav tsum tau cais cov khoom cua sov thiab thauj.

Piv txwv li, ib lub tuam txhab tsim kho xav tau 10.000 meters ntawm 304 stainless hlau kav rau cov nroj tsuag dej. Siv online - cov kav dej kho, lawv tau txais cov kav dej npaj rau nruab - tsis muaj xeb, tsis muaj kev npaj ntxiv. Yog tias lawv tau siv offline- cov kav dej kho tau, lawv yuav tsum tau tos 2 lub lis piam rau kev kho mob, thiab 5% ntawm cov kav dej muaj xeb los ntawm qhov chaw cia (yuav tsum tau ntxuav ua ntej kev teeb tsa). Kev kho mob online cawm lawv lub sijhawm thiab txo cov khoom pov tseg.

Lub tswv yim rau Optimizing Online Solution Treatment for Maximum Tam Sim No Corrosion Resistance

Txhawm rau kom tau txais qhov zoo tshaj plaws corrosion tam sim ntawd los ntawm kev kho mob hauv online, cov tuam ntxhab yuav tsum tau tsom mus rau peb qhov tseem ceeb:

Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias: 1050-1150 degree. Tsawg dhau (qis dua 1000 degree) yuav tsis yaj tag nrho cov carbide; siab dhau (siab tshaj 1200 degree) tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov yeeb nkab lossis txo nws lub zog. Siv lub tshuab rhaub induction nrog kub sensors kom nws meej ..

Txias tus nqi: tsom rau 80-120℃/ thib ob. Kev txias qeeb (qis dua 50℃/ thib ob) cia carbides hloov kho; nrawm dhau (siab tshaj 150℃/ vib nas this) tuaj yeem tawg nyias - cov kav dej. Cov tshuaj tsuag dej nrog adjustable siab ua haujlwm zoo tshaj.

Yeeb Nkab Ceev: Sib phim cov yeeb nkab ceev ntawm lub cub tawg mus rau lub sij hawm cua sov. Rau 50mm txoj kab uas hla, 2-3 feeb nyob rau hauv lub cub tawg yog txaus kom yaj carbides. Yog hais tias cov yeeb nkab txav ceev heev, nws yuav tsis kub sib npaug

Cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus hauv Texas tau kho lawv cov txheej txheem hauv online rau 1100 degree, 100℃/ thib ob cua txias, thiab 2.5-feeb lub sijhawm cub. Qhov tshwm sim? Lawv cov kav dej 'kev tiv thaiv corrosion tam sim ntawd (kuaj los ntawm kev ntsuas ntsev tsuag) txhim kho los ntawm 40% piv rau lawv qhov qub chaw.

Xaus​

Kev kho mob hauv online yog ib qho kev ua si - hloov pauv rau cov kav hlau tsis muaj steel - nws hloov cov yeeb nkab uas yooj yim rau xeb tom qab kev tsim khoom rau hauv ib qho uas ruaj thiab tiv thaiv tam sim ntawd. Los ntawm dissolving carbides, kho cov txheej txheem oxide, thiab txo cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv, cov txheej txheem no kho cov hauv paus hniav ua rau corrosion ua ntej cov yeeb nkab txawm tawm hauv cov kab ntau lawm.

Rau cov tuam ntxhab, qhov no txhais tau tias kev tsim khoom sai dua, cov nqi qis dua, thiab cov kav dej ua tau raws li cov qauv zoo tam sim ntawd. Rau cov neeg siv (xws li cov tuam txhab tsim kho, cov nroj tsuag tshuaj, lossis cov neeg ua haujlwm marine), nws txhais tau tias cov kav dej uas kav ntev dua, xav tau kev saib xyuas tsawg dua, thiab tsis txhob poob poob poob rau hauv ib puag ncig corrosive.

Raws li kev thov rau corrosion-cov kav hlau tsis muaj zog tsis muaj zog loj hlob-tshwj xeeb hauv kev lag luam xws li kev siv hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv (hnub ci thermal systems) thiab kev kho dej- kev kho hauv online yuav dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb dua. Nws tsis yog kev kho cua sov xwb; nws yog ib txoj hauv kev los xyuas kom cov kav hlau tsis muaj steel xa tawm ntawm lawv cov lus cog tseg ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntev, txij thaum pib.